Dr. Pratik Wagley, a pulmonary and critical care specialist, has been working at the Patan Academy of Health Sciences in Lalitpur since 2007. With extensive experience in treating chronic lung diseases, managing intensive care units, and tackling infections like pneumonia, he shares key insights into how cold weather affects our lungs.
We spoke to Dr. Wagley about common winter lung problems, pollution, and the underestimated risks of warming oneself near an open fire.
❖ Common Lung Problems During Winter
According to Dr. Wagley, chronic conditions like asthma and COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) often worsen during winter.
Inflammation in the airways, exposure to dry air, allergic bronchitis, and both viral and bacterial pneumonia become more frequent.
Fungal infections also tend to increase.
Dry and cold air irritates the bronchial tubes, causing them to swell. This inflammation can be dangerous for those with weakened immune systems or pre-existing lung conditions.
❖ Who Is Most at Risk?
Young children and the elderly are more vulnerable due to weaker immune responses.
People with underlying health conditions such as diabetes, kidney diseases, or autoimmune disorders — or those taking immunosuppressive medications — face higher risks of lung complications.
❖ The Dual Threat of Cold and Pollution
Winter doesn’t only bring cold; it also increases air pollution, making it harder for lungs to function properly.
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5), more concentrated during winter due to low wind activity and fog, can penetrate deep into the lungs and cause long-term damage.
❖ How to Stay Safe: Dr. Wagley’s Recommendations
Dr. Wagley strongly advises:
- Wearing a mask: A simple surgical or cloth mask can significantly reduce exposure to polluted air and trap moisture, making the air warmer and easier to breathe.
- Avoiding open fires: Sitting too close to firewood smoke is as harmful as smoking, he says. The carbon and smoke particles can inflame the lungs, especially in enclosed or poorly ventilated spaces.
- Staying hydrated: Drinking warm water helps soothe dry airways and supports the body’s natural defenses.
- Timely vaccinations: Especially for those with chronic lung conditions, flu and pneumonia vaccines are essential during winter.
❖ Key Takeaway
Cold air and pollution can silently deteriorate lung health — and common practices like warming by the fire may actually make things worse.
Protecting your lungs during winter isn’t just about staying warm — it’s about making smart, preventive choices.